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Business Logic / Control
Endless possibilities in data processing for your projects.
Types of Control Functions
An overview of the types of functions distinguished within Control.
Vector / Dynamic arrays - Functions
Vector Methods
The list of methods that the Vector / dyn_* object provides.
"last" (vector::last / dyn_*::last)
Returns a reference to the last element of the vector/dyn_*.

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Business Logic / Control
Endless possibilities in data processing for your projects.
- Introduction to CTRL
  An introduction to the product's own programming language Control(CTRL).
- Control Classes
  The overview of classes available in Control.
- Types of Control Functions
  An overview of the types of functions distinguished within Control.
  - 32/64 bit Functions
  - Administration of Managers, Modules and Panels - Functions
  - Alert Handling Functions
    These functions are associated with data points and respond to alerts and changes to alerts.
  - Blob Functions
  - Communication Functions
  - Connection Functions
    Connection functions can be used to establish connections to alerts, data points and system events.
  - Crypthographic Functions
  - Database Functions
  - Data point Functions
  - Error Functions
  - File Functions
  - Graphics Functions
  - Help Viewer Functions
    Available Functions for the Help Viewer.
  - Input Recording Functions
  - Mapping Functions
  - Mathematical Functions
  - MindSphere Connector Functions
  - Miscellaneous Functions
  - Multilingual Functionality
  - Project administration Functions
  - Query Functions
  - Redu/Dist Functions
  - Reference - Focus Policy - Functions
  - Selection and Configuration Dialogs - Functions
  - Semaphore Functions
  - String Functions
  - Time Functions
  - Threads Functions
  - User Administration Functions
  - Vector / Dynamic arrays - Functions
    - Vector Methods
      The list of methods that the Vector / dyn_* object provides.
      - "append" (vector:: append / dyn_*::append)
      - "at" (vector:: at / dyn_*::at)
        Returns a reference to the element at the given idx out of the vector/dyn_*.
      - "clear" (vector:: clear / dyn_*::clear)
        Empties the vector/dyn_*.
      - "contains" (vector:: contains / dyn_*::contains)
        Returns true if an element is equal to the given value or false if not found.
      - "count" (vector:: count / dyn_*::count)
        Returns the number of elements in the vector / dyn_*.
      - "first" (vector::first / dyn_*::first)
        Returns a reference to the first element of the vector/dyn_*.
      - "indexListOf" (vector::indexListOf / dyn_*::indexListOf)
        Returns a list of indexes at which the given value was found.
      - "indexOf" (vector::indexOf / dyn_*::indexOf)
        Returns the index of the first element which is equal to the given value. The search starts at the given index.
      - "insertAt" (vector::insertAt / dyn_*::insertAt)
      - "isEmpty" (vector::isEmpty / dyn_*::isEmpty)
        Returns true if the vector / dyn_* is empty.
      - "last" (vector::last / dyn_*::last)
        Returns a reference to the last element of the vector/dyn_*.
      - "prepend" (vector::prepend / dyn_*::prepend)
        Insets the given value as the first element of the vector/dyn_*.
      - "removeAt" (vector::removeAt / dyn_*::removeAt)
        Removes the element at given index. The vector /dyn_* has one element less after this.
      - "replaceAt" (vector::replaceAt / dyn_*::replaceAt)
        Replaces the value at the given idx position with the given value.
      - "sort" (vector::sort / dyn_*::sort)
        Sorts the array.
      - "takeAt" (vector::takeAt / dyn_*::takeAt)
        Takes the element at the given idx out of the vector/dyn_* and returns its value. The vector/dyn_* has one element less after this.
      - "takeFirst" (vector::takeFirst / dyn_*::takeFirst)
        Takes the first element out of the vector/dyn_* and returns its value. The vector/dyn_* has one element less after this.
      - "takeLast" (vector::takeLast / dyn_*::takeLast)
        Takes the last element out of the vector/dyn_* and returns its value. The vector/dyn_* has one element less after this.
      - "unique" (vector::unique / dyn_*::unique)
        Removes all duplicate elements in an array.
    - Vector Functions
      These functions are used to calculate, sort, and manipulate the contents of arrays. The individual elements of dynamic arrays (such as the dynamic variable array) are accessed using the format array[i]. The lowest index value is one.
  - Waiting Control Functions
  - Window Functions
    This chapter lists all functions used to control windows and panels, such as ChildPanelOn, LayerOn, LayerOff, PanelOff, RootPanelOn, SwitchLayer, ZoomModule, and related dialog and module operations.
  - Window Functions
    This chapter lists all functions used to control windows and panels, such as ChildPanelOn, LayerOn, LayerOff, PanelOff, RootPanelOn, SwitchLayer, ZoomModule, and related dialog and module operations.
  - XML Control Extension Functions
- Control graphics
- CONTROL Functions
- CtrlExtension
  The CtrlExtension allows the addition of custom C++ code.
- CTRL Debugger
  You can use the CTRL debugger to debug the Control programming language. The debugger can be used via its own panel, which also enables the monitoring and setting of variable values during the execution of a script.
- SQL in CONTROL
  The database functions enable you to quickly carry out value queries on data points and elements.
- WinCC OA JavaScript Manager for Node.js
  The WinCC OA JavaScript Manager for Node.js is a manager that allows for the integration of the TypeScript/JavaScript runtime environment Node.js® into WinCC OA.
- API Manager
  The WinCC OA API (Application Programming Interface) offers a number of functions adding special Managers to this process control system.
Data Visualization
User interfaces, Trends and Reports for every purpose and device.
Southbound Interfaces
The process connection to the actual machines/sensors.
Northbound Interfaces
Your portal to the cloud or supervising systems.
Web Connectivity / Network Interfaces
Data exchange, APIs and web technologies
User Management
All about authorization, authentication and login-customization.
Availability
How to get your system uptime to the maximum.
Reporting
Create state of the art project reports without limits.
Addons
Useful tools and enhancements for special demands.
Reference Tables
Detailed and extensive content for special project adaptation.
Videos & Tutorials
Explore the capabilities of WinCC OA with our carefully selected collection of video tutorials and guides.
Documentation
Basic information about terms and functions within the documentation.
Support & Services
An experienced team of support agents, consultants and trainers are ready to facilitate active partnerships with our customers, so they can profit from our comprehensive service.
Disclaimer
A brief clarification of liability exclusions or legal notices.

"last" (vector::last / dyn_*::last)

Returns a reference to the last element of the vector/dyn_*.

Synopsis

T& vector.last();

Parameters


Parameter	Description
-	-

Description

Assignment

Vector / dyn_*